Oil-stove



UNITED STATES PATEM.T Q FF.I CE' LEWIS T. \VILCOX, OF JACKSON, MICHIGAN.

-OIL-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,343, dated March31, 1891.

Application filed April 4, 1890. fierial No. 346,623. (No model.)

more convenient and efficient stove is produced, all as more fullyhereinafter described.

In the drawings which accompany this specification, Figure 1 is avertical central longitudinal sect-ion through my improved stove. Fig. 2is a plan View, partly in section, of the base and attachments with thetop removed. Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical central section through thewick-tube. Fig. 4: is a detail cross-section through the wick-tube.showing raising and lowering device. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sideelevation of the lower part of the wick-tube. Fig. 6 is a detachedperspective view of the wick-clamping ring. Fig. 7 is a side elevationof the stove, showing the top tipped back. Fig. 8 is a plan view of thetop with the cover removed. Fig. 9 is a plan of one of the perforatedpartitions. Fig. 10 is an enlarged section through the oil'supplynozzle.

Ais the annular base supported on suit able legs and to which is hingedthe top 13. The base consists of the out-er annular casting B, uponwhich is secured the horizontal body or casing B of sheet metal. Uponthe top of the casing B is secured by means of suitable rivets a ring 13preferably of castiron, and from which depends a series of brackets 0,upon which is supported the oil-tank H and a series of braces I), whichare connected to the oil-tank H and at the inner ends to the oil-tube E.

F is a central air-tube supported by the eX- tensions G of the braces,which connect with the inner side of the wick-tube and the outer nularpartition J. This partition with the wick-tube and the central air-tubeF form between them the air-supply passages a b. 1 An annular space 0 isformed between the partition J and the oil-tank, which connects into theair-chamber (Z above the oil-tank. An air-space e is formed around theoutside of the oil-tank, so that there is an air-space all around theoil-tank to prevent it from becoming heated. The wick-tube is formed bythe outer tube f and inner tube g. This tube is connected to theoil-tank by one or more inclined connecting-pipes 7L. Upon the outsidethis tube is provided with a series of enlargements 1 which form anauxiliary oil well or supply.

J is a sleeve, which on its outeredge is provided with a rack-bar k,with which the pinion Z of the wiclcraising shaft m engages, a suitableoffset a being formed in the outer side of the wick-tube E for thepassage of this rack-bar.

To place a wick in the wick-tube it is first inserted within the sleeve7, with the bottom of the wick flush with the bottom of the sleeve, andthen the inclined annular clamping-ring 0 is inserted in the bottom ofthe sleeve, clamping the wick o firmly between it and the sleeve, asplainly shown in Fig. 3. The parts are held in this position by means ofthe spring 1), which engages under the lower edge of the wick andclamping-ring. The sleeve thus fitted with the wick is now inserted intothe wick-tube and lowered to the desired point by means of the rack-barand gear-wheel in the ordinary manner.

It will be observed that I have placed the oil-supply aperture Iimmediately in front of the hinge K, so that when the top is tipped uponits hinge it will interpose the fire between the operator and theoil-supply aperture I, which would prevent his filling the tank withoutputting out the fire, the approach to the oil-supply aperture from theother side being prevented by the upturned end of the top.

Around the oil-supply aperture I form an annular rim q, forming betweenit and the screw-threaded nozzle of the aperture the annular well 0'.The screw-threaded nozzle I provide at its base with aperture 3, whichthe cap t when screwed to its lowest position will close, but which whenthe cap is partially too screwed down will allow the oil in the well itoenter the apertures, and thus pass into the tank. Within the nozzle Iform the lips of the opening into a downwardly-projecting flange 9",whereby the operator in filling may see the level of the oil before itreaches the top. The top B consists of the main casting L, which at K ishinged to its base. To this base is secured a suitable fender M. Thecasting L is provided with a series of apertures N, which communicatewhen the top is down with the air-chamber (l, andis also provided withan annular opening 0, which forms the aperture through which the flamespass into the top of the wick-tube. Upon the main casting L aresupported the walls P and Q, the former forming the outercylinder-casing and secured at its bottom to the lower casting L, and atits upper end supporting a suitable ornamental perforated top R. Thewall Q is similarly secured upon the casting L at its lower edge, and atits upper edge it connects to a top plate S. This top plate is centrallyapertured,and within this aperture is secured the depending central tubeQ.-

Between the walls P and Q is formed an annful-ar air-chamber P, andbetween the walls Q and Q is formed an annular combustionchamber R.Within the tube Q is formed the chamber R, which connects at the lowerend into the contracted deflecting-plate R secured at its lower end uponthe air-tube F. The top plate S is in the shape of an annular castingfitting over the chamber R and provia-ea with a series of apertures S,which are adapted to be opened and closed by means of a sliding damperS, correspondingly apertured, whereby the products of combustion may beallowed to pass out through this dam-per into the chamber below the top,and from thence through the perforations into the room; or by closingthe damper it may be made to pass out through the stove-pipe T. Thedamper T of the stove is pivoted upon the shaft U, which has a crank Uengaging with the handle S of the damper S, all so arranged that uponopening the damper S to allow the products of combustion into the roomthe damper T is closed, and upon closing the damper S the damper T isopened. The top R, I construct in two parts a a, the part a beingsupported upon the casin g P and provided with the inwardly-projectingarms a and with the annular flange o. The top of cover a rests upon thearms a and bears against the flange r, forming a tightjoint and givingthe appearance of a single completed to The parts being thus constructedand arranged, they are intended to operate as follows: The tank beingfilled with oil and the wick suitably raised, the top being turned inposition, as shown in Fig. 1, after the fire is I by rapidly heating theair within the chamber R and creating a quick circulation through it andits complementary tube F. It will be seen that the air-supply for theflame is given through the passages a and b. The air in the chamber Pbeing heated by the hot air in the combustion-chamber rapidly rises andenters the top and then passes out into the room, a new supply of airbeing furnished through the aperture N from the chamber d, which issupplied beneath the stove through the annular passages c and c, thecontinual passageof air around the oiltank keeping it cool. When the oilis exhausted in the oil-tank, the flame will burn low; but owing to theauxiliary supply of oil in the projections 2' around the wick-tube itwill not burn the wick for along while after giving warning of thecondition of the oil-tank, as would be the case if these were absent.This has been a constant source of troublein oil-stoves, that withoutgiving any warning when the oil was nearly exhausted the fire would godown and char the wick, thereby rapidly destroying it. By this auxiliaryoilsupply I form an efficient means of preventing this trouble with anyordinary care in running the stove. It will be seen also that mycombustion-chamber forms a middle passageway, the walls thereof h'avingcontact onntihe inside with the inner air-cham ber and on the outsidewith the outer air-chamber. This construction gives me the mostefficient results from the heat in the products of 00mbustion beinggiven out rapidly into the airch-ambers upon both sides. I

In order to retard somewhat the forward flow of the draft in thecombustion-chamber and thereby get better results from the heat from theproducts of combustiomI arrange one or more annular perforatedpartitions U within the combustion-chamber, which I hold therein bysuitable grooves or projections in the walls of the tube Q upon one sideand the wall Q upon the other side, as shown at U, which forms asuitable support above and be low the perforated partitions. I also cutout the edges of this partition and bend them slightly up or down to getthe spring action of the metal and hold it in place, as plainly shown inFig. 9.

The end of the stove pipe T, I support by means of the bracket W, whichis secured at its lower end to the foot-rail M, and at its up per end isprovided with a suitable collar to embrace the stove-pipe, all soarranged that when the stove is turned down the stove-pipe remainsfirmly supported independent of the nipple 10 upon the stove itself.

IVhat I claim as my invention is 1. In an oil-stove, the combination,with the oil-tank, of a screw-threaded supply-nozzle, an aperture at thebase thereof, a flange q around said nozzle forming a well I, and a cap2, substantially as described.

IIO

2. In an oil-stove, the combination, with an oil-tank and itssupply-nozzle, of the downwardly-projectinginclinedflanger within thenozzle, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In an oil-stove, a wick-tube having an inside and an outside verticalwall, the outer wall having enlargements or chambers formed on its lowerend, substantially as described.

a. In an oil-stove, a wick-tube having a series of enlargements ithereinformed around the base thereof, arranged below the bottom of theoil-tank, substantially as described.

5. In an oil-stove, the combination, with the wick-tube, of the sleevej,having the spring 19 and the clamping-ring 0, substantially asdescribed.

6. In an oil-stove. the combination, with the wick-tube having theoffset a, the sleeve j, having rack-bar 7s adapted to move in saidoffset, the clamping-ringo, wick 0, and spriugp, substantially asdescribed.

1. In a stove of the kind described, the combination, with the base andburner, of the top having an annular combustion-chamber, a,

tube, atop having an annular combustionchamber, a central air-flueforming a continuation of the central air-flue, and an outer airflue,both in contact with the walls of the combustion-chamber, substantiallyas described.

9. In an oil-stove, the combination, with the base having an annularwick-tube, and an air flue F, formed within and the chamber cloutsidethe wick-tube, of the top having an annular combustion-chamber above theicktube, a central air-flue communicating with the air-flue I and anannular air-flue surrounding the combustion-chamber and comm unioatingwith the chamber d, substantially as described.

10. In an oil-stove, the combination, with the annularcombustion-chamber, of the perforated top therefor, thecorrespondingly-pen forated damper S and handle S, the exitpipe T,communicating with said combustionchamber, and a damper T, having theshaft U and the crank U connected with and operated by the handle S ofthe damper S substantially as and for the purpose described.

11. In a stove of the kind described,the combination, with the base andthe hinged top, of the perforated top casting at, having theinwardly-projecting arms a" and the annular flange o of the perforatedcover a, the parts constructed substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

12. In a stove of the kind described, the combination of the followingelements: a baseeasting B, the casing E the annular top rim B the tophinged to said rim, the downwardly-projecting brackets C, and theoiltank supported thereon, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnessesthis 5th day of February, 1890.

LEWIS T. WILGOX. Witnesses:

M. B. ODoenER'rY, ALFRED B. EATON.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 449,343, granted arch31, 1891, upon the application of Lewis T. Wilcox, of Jackson, Michigan,for an improvement in Oil-Stoves, errors appear in the printedspecification requiring the following corrections, viz.: In line 25,page 3, the comma and. the words both fines afterthe word flue should bestricken out and the same inserted after the word chamber in line 26,same page; and that the Letters Patent should be read with these correc"tions therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office,

Signed,-countersigned, and sealed this 28th day of April, A. D. 1891.

CYRUS BUSSEY, Assistant Secretary of the Interior,

[SEAL] Oountersigned O. E. MITCHELL, Commissioner of Patents. 1

